Machines like Us by Ronald J. Brachman & Hector Levesque

Author:Ronald J. Brachman & Hector Levesque [Brachman, Ronald & Levesque, Hector]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Artificial Intelligence; AI; common sense; machine intelligence; AI systems; knowledge representation; commonsense reasoning; autonomous systems; expert systems; knowledge-based systems; deep learning; human reasoning; machine reasoning; smart computers; trustworthy AI; ontologies; Artificial General Intelligence
Publisher: MIT Press
Published: 2022-04-27T00:00:00+00:00

Door#58 is a door.

Door#58 has “open” as a doorState.

But we also need to represent how things will be different after events take place, such as the opening or closing of doors. (We will be ignoring the locking of doors here for simplicity.)

To simplify matters, it will be convenient to assume that we have representations in the world model for events that may or may not occur so that we can ask hypothetically what would be true if they were to take place. So for our purposes, a symbol like Event#427 in a world model will represent an event (such as a wedding, the purchase of a bicycle, or the closing of a door) without assuming that the event has occurred or will ever happen (unlike Event#23, which in the previous chapter, represented an event assumed to have occurred in 1979).

To talk about what would be true if an event like Event#427 were to happen, we can use the language L, with one additional feature: we will allow atomic formulas to include the word “after” followed by a sequence of terms at the end. This will only make sense when these terms represent events. The idea is that this extended atomic formula says that the embedded formula is true immediately after the given sequence of events has taken place. In fact, we will treat an atomic formula without a sequence term as an abbreviation for one with the empty sequence:

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